TheDollisanadaptationofthenovel,TheDoll(novel)byBolesławPrus,whichisregardedbymanyasoneofthefinestPolishnovelseverwrittenand,alongwithPharaoh(novel),madeBolesławPrusapotentialcandidatefortheNobelPrizeinliterature.TheinfluenceofÉmileZolaisevident,andsomehavecomparedthenoveltoMadameBovarybyGustaveFlaubert;bothwerePrus'scontemporaries.Themovie,however,maybemorecomparedtoStendhal'sLeRougeetleNoir,(TheRedandtheBlack)bbb　　TheDollconstitutesapanoramaoflifeinWarsawbetween1878and1879,andatthesametimeisasubtlestoryofthreegenerationsofPolishidealists,theirpsychologicalcomplications,theirinvolvementinthehistoryofthenineteenthcentury,socialdramas,moralproblemsandtheexperienceoftragicexistence.Atthesametimethisstorydescribesthedisintegrationofsocialrelationshipsandthegrowingseparationofasocietywhosearistocraticelitespreadsthemodelsofvanityandidleness.Inthebadairofabackwardcountry,anti-Semiticideasareborn,valuableindividualsmeetobstaclesontheirway,andscoundrelsaresuccessful.　　Thispoeticlovestoryfollowsanouveaurichemerchant,StanislawWokulski,throughaseriesoftrialsandtribulationsoccasionedbyhisobsessivepassionforanaristocraticbeauty,IzabelaLecka,playedbythefamousPolishactress,BeataTyszkiewicz.　　Plot:　　AsadescendantofanimpoverishedPolishnoblefamily,youngWokulskiisforcedtoworkasawaiteratHopfer's,aWarsawrestaurant,whiledreamingofalifeinscience.Aftertakingpartinthefailed1863UprisingagainstTsaristRussia,heissentencedtoexileinSiberia.OneventualreturntoWarsaw,hebecomesasalesmanatMincel'shaberdashery.Marryingthelateowner'swidow(whoeventuallydies),hecomesintomoneyandusesittosetupapartnershipwithaRussianmerchanthehadmetwhileinexile.ThetwomerchantsgotoBulgariaduringtheRusso-TurkishWarof1877-78,andWokulskimakesafortunesupplyingtheRussianArmy.TheenterprisingWokulskinowprovesaromanticatheart,fallinginlovewithIzabela,daughterofthevacuous,bankruptaristocrat,TomaszŁęcki.InhisquesttowinIzabela,Wokulskibeginsfrequentingtheatresandaristocraticsalons;andtohelpherfinanciallydistressedfather,foundsacompanyandsetsthearistocratsupasshareholdersinhisbusiness.Theindolenceofthesearistocrats,whosecurewiththeirpensions,aretoolazytoundertakenewbusinessrisks,frustratesWokulski.Hisabilitytomakemoneyisrespectedbuthislackoffamilyandsocialrankiscondescendedto.Becauseofhis"help"(insecret)toIzabela'simpecuniousbutinfluentialfather,thegirlbecomesawareofhisaffection.Intheendsheconsentstoaccepthim,butwithouttruedevotionorlove.(wikipedia)

　　Setinanundergrounddungeoninhabitedbybundled,raggedhumanbeings,afterthenuclearholocaust.Thestoryfollowsthewanderingsofaherothroughthesituationsofsurvival.PeoplewaitfortheArktoarriveandrescuethemwhiletheirhabitatfallsaparteee　　Delvingdeepintothedustyandlongabandondedvaultsofb-cinemainsearchoflostgemsalwaysleavesmewithabittersweettaste.Ononehandthediscoveryofunexpectedgemswherenoonewouldthinkthempossibleisarewardingexperience.Ontheotherhandthoughitmakesonewonderhowmanyoftheseremarkablelow-budgetoddities,personalloveaffairsofdirectorsneverquitefamousandnowallbutforgotten,havealmostforeverslippedfrommemory?　　nanycasewhatwehavehereisalittlepost-apocalypticgemfromPolandthatisreallybetterthanithasanyrightto.ThedystopiannearfutureofO-BI,O-BAfindsagroupofsurvivorsofthenuclearwarthatravagedtheEarthinhabitinganunderworldconcretebunkerandbidingtheirtimeastheywaitforthemysteriousArk,anairshipofsomekindthatwillcomeandsavethem.TheArkprovestobeanelaboratehoax,carefullydesignedtogivehopetothemalnourishedanddesperatedenizensofthebunker,whileinthemeantimethedomethatseparatestheirmiserableexistencefromthenuclearwinteroutsideisslowlycavingin.　　Whatfirststrikedmeaboutthemovieisthedesignofthebunkerandthedepictionofthesurvivors.Thesurvivorsaregaunt,filthyandterrible-lookingpenitents,dressedinragsandaimlesslywanderingtheneon-lithallsofthebunkerlikeautomatons.Thebunkerisarundown,seedyplace,withbrightneonlightspeeringfromallsidesliketheeyesofmalignantbeasts.　　Ononehanditisaslightly80'sdepictionofthedystopianfuturebutthemovieneverstoopsdowntoMADMAXcheese.Insteaditcombinesbitingpoliticalsatirewiththebleakoutlookofaworldwithnofuture,blackcomedywithbarbsonapathy,religionandpower.Thesurvivors,forexample,arefedsomekindofflourdroppingfromatubethathoversintheair-lateronwediscoverthefoodsupervisorusesbooksandtheBibleitselfasfillerforthismeagremeal.Therearemanysuchshortsymbolictouches,perhapsnotlife-changingorfaith-restoring,yetplayful,cleverandinspired.　　Onethingisforsure;O-BI,O-BAisnotyourrun-of-the-millsci-fischlock.Itovercomesitsmodestbudgetwithcreativityandhasgenuineartisticaspirationsbothfromawritinganddirectingperspective.Myopinionisthatitshouldhavebeenfilmedinblackandwhiteinsteadofcolourthough.Thedirectorusesatmosphericlightandshadowtogreateffectanditwouldhaveregisteredevenbetterinstarkblackandwhite.Theblue-greenneonontheotherhandoutstaysitswelcomeafterawhile.Justaminorgripeinanotherwisesolidb-moviewithitsheartsetinalltherightplaces.　　ImaginealessbleakTHEROAD(CormacMcCarthy)beinginjectedwiththesatireandhumourofDR.STRANGELOVEandyou'regettingthere.Seeitifyoucanfindit.

　　斯苔芬尼（ElzbietaStarostecka饰）虽然出身平凡，但拥有着聪慧的头脑和善良的内心。她前往马修公爵（CzeslawWollejko饰）家中担任家庭教师的职务，在一次偶然中邂逅了马修公爵的孙子瓦尔迪马（莱赛克·泰来钦斯基LeszekTeleszynski饰）。斯苔芬尼不同寻常的气质和谈吐一下子就吸引了瓦尔迪马，令他坠入了爱河之中ddd　　然而，这段贵族和平民之间的感情很快就遭到了瓦尔迪马的姑妈的强烈反对，她看中了一位名叫梅拉尼（安娜·迪姆纳AnnaDymna饰）的贵族小姐，认为她才是成为瓦尔迪马的妻子的最佳人选。然而，马修公爵对这段感情显然有着不同的看法，因为他年轻时也经历过同样的抉择。

　　In1961,StanislawRozewiczcreatedthenovellafilm"BirthCertificate"incooperationwithhisbrother,TadueszRozewiczasscreenwriter.Suchbrothertandemsarerareinthehistoryoffilmbutasidefromfamilyties,Stanislaw(bornin1924)andTaduesz(bornin1921)weremutuallyboundbytheirloveforthecinema.TheywerebornandgrewupinRadomsk,asmalltownwhichhad"itsmadmenanditssaints"andmostimportanly,the"Kinema"cinema,asStanislawrecalls:forhimcinemais"heaven,thewholeworld,enchantment".Tadeuszsaysheconsiderscinemabothacharmingmarketstallandamysterioustemple."Allthissavagelandhasalwaysattractedandfascinatedme,"hesays."IamdevouredbycinemaandIdevourcinema;I'macinemaeater."ButTadueszRozewicz,aneminentwriter,admitsthisuniqueformofcooperationwasaproblemtohim:"Itisthepresenceoftheotherpersonnotonlyintheprocessofwriting,butatitsverycore,whichisinserperableformefromabsolutesolitude."Somescenesthebrotherswrotetogether;otherswerecreatedbythewriterhimself,followingdiscussionswiththedirector.Butfromtheperspectiveoftime,itis"BirthCertificate",ratherthan"Echo"or"TheWickedGate",thatTadueszdescribesashismostintimatefilm.Thisisunderstandable.ThetradgeyfromSeptember1939inPolandwasfortheRozewiczbrotherstheirpersonal"birthcertificate".Whenworkingonthefilm,thedirectorsaid"Thistimeitisallaboutshakingoff,gettingridofthepsychologicalburdenwhichthewarwasforallofus....Cooperationwithmybrotherwasinthiscaseeasier,aswesharemanywarmemories.Wewantedtoshowtoadultviewersapictureofwarasseenbyachild....Inreality,itistheadultswhocreatedtherealworldofmassacres.Childrenbeheldthehorrorscomingbacktolife,exhumedfromunderneaththeground,overwhelmingtheearth."ccc　　Theprincipleofcompositionof"BirthCertificate"isnotobvious.Whenwatchinganovellafilm,wetendtothinkintermsoftraditionaltheatre.Weexpectthataminiaturestorywillfinishwithasharppoint;thethreefilmnovellasinRozewicz'sworklackthisfeature.Wedonotknowwhatwillbehappentotheboymakinghisalonethroughtheforesttowardstheendof"OntheRoad".Wedonotknowwhetherin"LetterfromtheCamp",thehelpofferedbythesmallheroestoaSovietprisonerwillrescuehimfromtheunknownfateofhiscompatriots.ThefateoftheJewishgirlfrom"DropofBlood"isalsounclear.Willshekeephernewimpersonationas"MarysiaMalinowska"?OrwilltheNazismakeherintoarepresentativeofthe"Nordicrace"?Thosequestionswereaskedbythedirectorforareason.Hepreceivedwaraschaosandperdition,andnotaslinearhistorythatcouldbereflectedinaplot.Although"BirthCertificate"issaturatedwithmoralcontent,itdoesnotaimtobeamoralityplay.Butwiththeimmensepressureofreality,novarientoffateshouldbeexcluded.ThisapproachedcanbecomparedwthKrzysztofKieslowski's"BlindChance"25yearslater,whichpictureddramaticchoicesofadifferentera.　　Thefilmnovella"OntheRoad"hasaverysparingplot,butitdrewspecialattentionofthereviewers.TheominatingovertoneofthewarfilmscreatedbythePolishFilmSchoolatthattimeshouldbekeptinmind.MainlyowingtoWajda,thosefilmsdealtwithromanticheritage.Theywerepermeatedwithpathos,bitterness,andirony.Rozewiczisanextraordinaryartist.Whennarratingastoryaboutaboylostinawarzone,carryingsomedocumentsfromtheregimentofficeasiftheywereatreasure,thenarratorin"OntheRoad"discoversroughprosewhereoneshouldfindpoetry.Andsuddenly,theirrationaltouchesthisrathertameworld.Theboy,whountilthatmomentresembledaPolishversionoftheGoodSoldierSchweik,setsoff,likeDonQuixote,forhisfirstandlastbattle.Acriticdescribeditas"anabsurdgestureandsomeoneelsecouldsurelyuseittocriticisethePolishstyleofdying....ButtheRozewiczbrothersdonoaccuse:theyonlycomposeanelegyforthepicturesquepeasant-soldier,probablythemostimportantveteranofthePolishwarof1939-1945.""BirthCertificate"isnotaloftystatementaboutnationalimponderabilia.ThefilmrevealsaplebeianperspectivewhichAleksanderJackieqiczoncecontrastedwiththose"lyricallamentations"inherentintheKordiantradition.However,ahistoricaloverviewofRozewicz'sworkshowsthatthedistinctivestyledoesnotsignifyafundamentaldifferenceinillustratingthePolishSeptember.JustasthememorablescenefromWajda's"Lotna"wasinfactanexpressionofdesperationanddistress,thesameemotionspermeatethefinalsceneof"BirthCertificate".Thesearenotideologicalconcepts,thoughoncedescribedassuchandferventlydebated,butratherpsychologicalcreations.Inthisspecificcase,observesWitoldZalewski,itisnotaboutmanifestingknightlypride,butaboutagestureofasimplemanwhodoesnotagreetobeenslaved.　　Thenovella"DropofBlood"is,withAleksanderFord's"BorderStreet",oneofthefirstnarrationsofthefateofthePolishJewsduringtheNazioccupation.Thestoryaboutagirlliterallylookingforherplaceonearthhasadramaticdimension.Especiallyintheageoftoday'sjournalisticdisputes,oftenmanipulative,lackinginempathyandimbuedwithbadwill,Rozewicz'sstoryfromthepastshockswithitsauthenticity.ThesmallherioneofthestoryistheonlyonewhosurvivesaGermanraidonherfamilyhome.Physicalsurvialdoesnot,however,meanareturntonormality.Herfrighteneddeparturefromtherubbishdumpthatwasherhideoutleadhertoaruinedapartment.Herwalkarounditispainfulbecausestillfreshsignsoflifearemixedwithevidenceofannihilation.Helpisneeded,butMirkadoesnotknowanyoneintheoutsideworld.Hersubsequentattemptsexpressthestateofthefugitive'sspirits-fromhopeandfaith,movingtodoubt,asenseofoppression,andthickeningfear,andfinallytodespair.　　Atthesametime,theJewishgirl'ssearchforrefugeresemblesthestateofPolishsociety.TheappearanceofMirkaresultsinconfusion,andlater,trouble.ThiswasalreadysignalledbyRozewiczinanexceptionalscenefrom"LetterfromtheCamp"inwhichtheboy'sneighbour,seeingafugitiveRussiansoldier,retreatsimmediately,admittingthat"Now,peopleworryonlyaboutthemselves."Suchembarassingexcusesmaskfear.Duringtheoccupation,noonefeelssafe.Neithersocialstatusnottheaegisofacharityorganisationprotectsagainstrepression.WeseethepotentialguardiansofMirkapassingherbackandforthamongthemselves.Thesearefriendlyhandsbuttheycannotofferstrongsupport.Thestorytakesplaceonthatthinlinebetweensolidarityandheroism.Solidarityarisesspontaneously,butonlysomearecapableofheroism.Helpforthegirldoesnotalwaysresultfromcompassion;sometimesitisbasedonpastrelationsandpersonalties(aneighbourofthedoctortakesinthefugitiveforafewdaysbecauseofpastfriendship).Rozewiczportraysallofthisinasubtleway;eventhesmallestgesturehassignificance.Take,forexample,theconversationwithastrangeronthetrain:short,asifjotteddownonthemargin,butsofulloftension.Andearlier,apeculiarexaminationofPolishness:the"HolyFather"prayerforcedonMirkabythevillageboystocheckthatsheisnotaJew.Wouldnotrisingtothechallengemeanadeathsentance?　　Viewedaftermanyyears,"BirthCertificate"disclosesyetanotherqualitythatisnotpresentintheworksofthePolishSchool,butisprominentinlaterB-classwarfilms.Thisisthepictureofeverydaylifeduringthewarandoccupationoutlinedinthethreenovellas.Itharmoniseswiththelogicofspeakingabout"lifeafterlife".SmallheroesofRozewiczsuddenlyentertherealityofwar,withnoexperienceorscalewithwhichtocompareit.Forthem,thepresentisanaturalextensionofandatthesametimeacompletenegationofthepast.Considerthesleeysmall-townmarketplace,throughwhicharmouredcolumnswillshortlypass.OrmeettheGermanmotorcyclists,wholooklikealiensfromouterspace-apicturetakenfromanautopsybecausethisishowStanislawandTadueszperceivedthefirstGermanstheyevermet.Notetheblurredsilhouettesofpeopleagainstawhitewallwhoarebeingshot-atfirsttheyareshocking,butsoontheywillprobablybecomeapartofthegrimlandscape.Inthecitycentrestandsaprisonercamponasoddenbog("Peopleperishlikesflies;thebodiesaretransportedduringthenight");inthestreetthechildernarerunningafteracoalwagontocollectsomepreciouspiecesoffuel.There'sabustlearoundsomefood(aboyreproacheshisyoungerbrother'sactionsbysinging:"Thewarrantofficer'ssonisbegginginfrontofthechurch?I'mgoingtotellmother!");andthekitchen,whichoneeveningbecomestheprosceniumofarealdrama.Andtherearethesymbols:abarofchocolateforceduponaboybyaWehrmachtsoldier("OntheRoad");apairofshoesbelongingtoZbyszek'sfatherwhichtheboyspontaneouslygivestoaRussianfugitive;apricelesssliceofbread,ground undertheheelofapolicemanintheguter("LettersfromtheCamp").Asthedirectorputit:"Ineveryfilm,Icommunicatemyownvisionoftheworldandofthepeople.Onlythenthestylefollows,thedefinedwayofexperiencingthings."InBirthCertificate,headds,hisapproachwasdrivenbythesubject:"Iattemptedtocreatenotonlythetextureofthedocumentbutalsotoaddsomepoeticelement.Iknowitisriskybutasforthemergerofdocumentationandpoety,oftenhiddenverydeep,ifonlyitmanagestomakeitswayontothescreen,itresultsinwhatcanreferredtoas'art'."　　After1945,therewerenumerousfilmscreatedinEuropethatdealtwithwarandchildren,including"SomewhereinEurope"("ValaholEuropaban",1947byGezaRadvanyi),"Shoeshine"("Sciescia",1946byVittoriodeSica),and"ChildhoodofIvan"("Iwanowodietstwo"byAndriejTarkowski).Yettherewerefewerthanonewouldexpect.Pursuingasubjectsoimbuedwithsentimentalismrequiresstylisticdisiplineandaspecialabilitytomanagechildactors.Theauthorof"BirthCertificate"masteredboth-anditwasnotbychance.StanislawRozewiczwasalwaysthebeneficentspiritofthefilmmilieu;hecouldunitepeoplearoundacommongoal.Heemanatedpeaceandsensitivity,whichflowedtohisco-workersandpupils.Afilm,beingagroupwork,necessitatessomeformofempathy-tuninginwithothers.　　InabiographicaldocumentaryaboutStanislawRozewiczentitled"Walking,Meeting"(1999byAntoniKrauze),thereisabeautifulscenewhenthedirector,afterafewdecades,meetsBeataBarszczewska,whoplaysMireczkainthenovella"DropsofBlood".Thewomanfallsintothearmsoftheelderlyman.Theyarebothmoved.Hewondershowmanyyearshavepassed.Sheanswers:"Afewyears.Nottoomany."AndRozewicz,withhischaracteristicsmilesays:"Itistrue.Wespentthisentiretimetogether."

　　故事背景为1668年,土耳其入侵波兰东部边境。波兰军队,在伏洛窦耶夫斯基上校的领导下,和波兰鞑靼人形成联盟,与土耳其苏丹的大军决一死战ddd

　　政府不顾民意反对，执意要将古老宁静的小镇变作一家大型化工厂的所在地，并言如此可以大大增加就业机会。有丰富企业管理经验、对党忠诚的StefanBednarz（FranciszekPieczka）被任命着手这一切。小镇是Bednarz和妻子（HalinaWiniarska）的故乡，两人多年前曾因一起事件离开，今Bednarz要妻子同去，被拒bbb　　工厂建成之初，虽有居民抗议政府的暴行，但一切还算顺利。投入生产后，之前居民担忧的环境会日益糟糕等问题凸显，政府与居民的关系开始紧张，Bednarz做中间协调人几近憔悴。而电视台导演（MichalTarkowski）对工厂的持续关注、助手（JerzyStuhr）将居民意见刻意过滤、被迫与当年迫使他和妻子远离故乡的旧敌搭档工作、女儿（JoannaOrzeszkowska）的渐行渐远等事情，则令他慢慢明白自己不过是一枚棋子，萌生辞职念头。